ruffle

vt. 弄皱；触怒；扰乱；迅速翻动

vi. 起皱；烦恼；连续地轻敲

n. 皱褶；生气；混乱；连续轻敲声

中文词源

ruffle 弄皱，弄乱，褶饰，花边

词源不详，可能来自 rough 的发音拼写讹误。来自 rough 的词源义，击，打，弄皱，词源同 corrugate,rug.引申词义褶饰，花边等。

ruffle (v.): early 14c., "to disturb the smoothness of," perhaps from Old Norse hrufla "to scratch," or Low German ruffelen "to wrinkle, curl," both of unknown origin. Meaning "disarrange" (hair or feathers) first recorded late 15c.; sense of "annoy, distract" is from 1650s. Related: Ruffled; ruffling.
ruffle (n.): "ornamental frill," 1707, from ruffle (v.).

ruffle起皱,表面的波动。riffle涟漪。ripple涟漪。2. rough => ruf- / ruff- + -le => ruffle (frequentative word).3. 谐音“辱佛、怒佛、怒夫、揉服”，揉衣服→揉皱。

1. Its body plumage suddenly began to ruffle and swell.: 它全身的羽毛突然竖了起来，胀得鼓鼓的。

2. His direct, often abrasive approach will doubtless ruffle a few feathers.: 他那直截了当、往往还粗鲁生硬的办事方式无疑会激怒一些人。

3. Politicians are usually careful not to ruffle the feathers of their constituents.: 政治家们通常都很小心，避免激怒了他们的选民。

5. Tame birds, when approached, will stretch out their necks and ruffle their neck feathering.: 驯养的鸟儿在有人靠近时会伸长脖子，竖起颈羽。