toe

英文词源

toe

toe: [OE] Many European languages use the same word for ‘finger’ and ‘toe’ (Spanish dedo, for example, and Russian and Polish palec), and English toe may have originated in such a dualpurpose term. Its prehistoric Germanic ancestor was *taikhwōn, and it has been speculated that this may be related to Latin digitus ‘finger, toe’ (source of English digit). Other descendants of the Germanic form include German zehe, Dutch tee, Swedish tåa, and Danish taa.
=> digit

toe (n.)

Old English ta "toe" (plural tan), contraction of *tahe (Mercian tahæ), from Proto-Germanic *taihwo (cognates: Old Norse ta, Old Frisian tane, Middle Dutch te, Dutch teen (perhaps originally a plural), Old High German zecha, German Zehe "toe"). Perhaps originally meaning "fingers" as well (many PIE languages still use one word to mean both fingers and toes), and thus from PIE root *deik- "to show" (see diction).

Þo stode hii I-armed fram heued to þe ton. [Robert of Gloucester, "Chronicle," c. 1300]

The old plural survived regionally into Middle English as tan, ton. To be on (one's) toes "alert, eager" is recorded from 1921. To step on (someone's) toes in the figurative sense "give offense" is from late 14c. Toe-hold "support for the toe of a boot in climbing" is from 1880.

toe (v.)

"touch or reach with the toes," 1813, from toe (n.). First recorded in expression toe the mark, which seems to be nautical in origin.

The chief mate ... marked a line on the deck, brought the two boys up to it, making them "toe the mark." [R.H. Dana, "Two Years Before the Mast," 1840]

Related: Toed; toeing.