spar

n. [矿物] 晶石；圆材（如桅、桁等）；争论；拳斗

vi. 争论；拳击

vt. 装圆材于

n. (Spar)人名；(德)施帕尔；(法)斯帕尔

中文词源

spar 斗鸡，拳击练习，讨论，争论

可能来自中古法语 esparer,踢，击打，来自意大利语 sparare,踢，投掷，来自拉丁语 ex-,向外， parere,准备，挡开，词源同 prepare,parry.原指斗鸡游戏开斗时准备，后用于指人的拳击练习，引申比喻义争论，讨论，通常在比较友好的氛围下进行。

spar 桅杆，翼梁

来自中古英语 sparre,船筏，柱子，木柱，来自 Proto-Germanic*sparro,柱子，木柱，来自 PIE*spar, 柱子，木柱，词源同 spear,spire.后用于指船只的桅杆，飞机的翼梁等。

spar 晶石

一种水晶矿物状石头，可能回构自 sparstone,晶石，对等于 spear,尖刺，矛，stone,石头。因这种矿物呈尖刺状而得名。常构成复合词 feldspar,长石。

spar (n.1): early 14c., "rafter;" late 14c., "stout pole," from or cognate with Middle Low German or Middle Dutch sparre, from Proto-Germanic *sparron (cognates: Old English *spere "spear, lance," Old Norse sperra "rafter, beam," German Sparren "spar, rafter"), from PIE root *sper- (1) "spear, pole" (see spear (n.1)). Nautical use, in reference to one used as a mast, yard, boom, etc., dates from 1630s. Also borrowed in Old French as esparre, which might be the direct source of the English word.
spar (v): late 14c., "go quickly, rush, dart, spring;" c. 1400, "to strike or thrust," perhaps from Middle French esparer "to kick" (Modern French éparer), from Italian sparare "to fling," from Latin ex- (see ex-) + parare "make ready, prepare," hence "ward off, parry" (see pare). Etymologists consider a connection with spur unlikely. Used in 17c. in reference to preliminary actions in a cock fight; figurative sense of "to dispute, bandy with words" is from 1690s. Extension to humans, in a literal sense, with meaning "to engage in or practice boxing" is attested from 1755. Related: Sparred; sparring.
spar (n.2): "crystalline mineral that breaks easily into fragments with smooth surfaces," 1580s, from Low German Spar, from Middle Low German *spar, *sper, cognate with Old English spær- in spærstan "gypsum."

2. The mast, which was a solid spruce spar, bent like a bow, and for a moment I thought we were going to lose it.: 坚固的云杉木做成的桅杆已经弯得像一把弓，那一刻我觉得它马上就要断了。

3. We can be conviniently studied with reference to a crystal of calcite or Iceland spar.: 我们可以很方便地以方解石或冰洲石晶体来进行研究.

4. Mr Obama and John McCain continued to spar over foreign policy.: 奥巴马和约翰?麦凯恩在对外政策上仍在持续争吵.