early 15c., "person holding a church position," from Medieval Latin incumbentem (nominative incumbens) "holder of a church position," noun use of present participle of incumbere "to obtain or possess," from Latin incumbere "recline on," figuratively "apply oneself to," from in- "on" (see in- (2)) + -cumbere "lie down," related to cubare "to lie" (see cubicle). Extended to holders of any office from 1670s.
incumbent (adj.)
1560s, in relation to duties or obligations, from Latin incumbentem (nominative incumbens), present participle of incumbere (see incumbent (n.)). The literal, physical sense is rare in English and first attested 1620s.
中文解释
1. in- "on" + -cumbere "lie down".
实用例句
1. It is incumbent upon all of us to make an extra effort.
我们所有人都必须加倍努力。
来自柯林斯例句
2. the present incumbent of the White House
现任美国总统
来自《权威词典》
3. He defeated the incumbent governor by a large plurality.