feud: [13] Feud signifies etymologically the ‘condition of being a foe’. It was borrowed from Old French fede or feide, and originally meant simply ‘hostility’; the modern sense ‘vendetta’ did not develop until the 15th century. The Old French word in turn was a borrowing from Old High German fēhida. This was a descendant of a prehistoric Germanic *faikhithō, a compound based on *faikh- ‘hostility’ (whence English foe).
Old English had a parallel descendant, fāhthu ‘enmity’, which appears to have died out before the Middle English period. It is not clear how the original Middle English form fede turned into modern English feud (the first signs of which began to appear in the late 16th century). => foe
feud (n.)
c. 1300, fede "enmity, hatred, hostility," northern English and Scottish, ultimately (via an unrecorded Old English word or Old French fede, faide "war, raid, hostility, hatred, enmity, feud, (legal) vengeance," which is from Germanic) from Proto-Germanic *faihitho (compare Old High German fehida "contention, quarrel, feud"), noun of state from adjective *faiho- (cognates: Old English fæhð "enmity," fah "hostile;" German Fehde "feud;" Old Frisian feithe "enmity").
This is from PIE root *peig- (2), also *peik- "evil-minded, hostile" (see foe). Sense of "vendetta" is early 15c. Alteration of spelling in 16c. is unexplained. Meaning "state of hostility between families or clans" is from 1580s.
feud (v.)
1670s, from feud (n.). Related: Feuded; feuding.
中文解释
1. 谐音“复斗”----反复的斗争、争斗------长期争斗。2. foe => feud. equivalent to foe + -th.
实用例句
1. The feud with the Catholics goes back to the 11th century.
与天主教的夙怨可以追溯到11世纪。
来自柯林斯例句
2. He also began a running feud with Dean Acheson.
他也开始接二连三地和艾奇逊院长发生争执。
来自柯林斯例句
3. a long-running feud between the two artists
两个艺术家之间的夙怨
来自《权威词典》
4. Sadly, the feud sums up the relationship between Lord Bath and the man who succeeds him.
不幸的是，巴思勋爵和他的继任者之间的关系只能用“积怨已久”来概括。
来自柯林斯例句
5. What were the beginnings of this tragic feud across the Rhine?