Russia

n. 俄罗斯

英文词源

Russia: 1530s, from Medieval Latin Russi "the people of Russia," from Rus, the native name of the people and the country (source of Arabic Rus, Medieval Greek Rhos), originally the name of a group of Swedish merchant/warriors who established themselves around Kiev 9c. and founded the original Russian principality; perhaps from Ruotsi, the Finnish name for "Sweden," from Old Norse Roþrslandi, "the land of rowing," old name of Roslagen, where the Finns first encountered the Swedes. This is from Old Norse roðr "steering oar," from Proto-Germanic *rothra- "rudder," from PIE *rot-ro-, from root *ere- (1) "to row" (see row (v.)).

Derivation from the IE root for "red," in reference to hair color, is considered less likely. Russian city-states were founded and ruled by Vikings and their descendants. The Russian form of the name, Rossiya, appears to be from Byzantine Greek Rhosia. Russification is from 1842.

1. 音译“俄罗斯”：Russian Empire: Russia => 音译“罗斯”，Empire => 音译“俄” => Empire of Russia。

1. There are still several million ethnic Germans in Russia.: 俄罗斯境内仍有数百万德国人。

2. Russia's efforts to attract investment have been halting and confused.: 俄罗斯在吸引投资上一直踌躇不前，混乱不清。

3. That June, Yeltsin became Russia's first democratically elected President.: 那年6月，叶利钦成了俄罗斯首位民选总统。

5. As such tensions increase, they loom larger in Russia's domestic politics.: 这种紧张关系的不断加剧使其在俄罗斯国内政治中愈发凸显。